Inspection Fundamentals Questions

1. (8219) Magnetic particle inspection is used primarily to detect
~ Magnetic particle inspection is used to detect flaws in ferromagnetic material on or near the surface. These flaws form north and south magnetic poles when the part is magnetized. Iron oxide suspended in a fluid pumped over the part is attracted to and held by the magnetism and it outlines the flaw.
@ Magnetic particle inspection is used to detect flaws in ferromagnetic material on or near the surface. These flaws form north and south magnetic poles when the part is magnetized. Iron oxide suspended in a fluid pumped over the part is attracted to and held by the magnetism and it outlines the flaw.
a. distortion.
b. deep subsurface flaws.
*c. flaws on or near the surface.

2. (8220) Liquid penetrant inspection methods may be used on which of the following?
1. porous plastics.
2. ferrous metals.
3. nonferrous metals.
4. smooth primer-sealed wood.
5. nonporous plastics.
~ Liquid penetrant inspection methods may be used to detect faults that extend to the surface on both ferrous and nonferrous metals and nonporous plastics.
@ Liquid penetrant inspection methods may be used to detect faults that extend to the surface on both ferrous and nonferrous metals and nonporous plastics.
a. 2, 3, 4.
b. 1, 2, 3.
*c. 2, 3, 5.

3. (8221) Which of these nondestructive testing methods is suitable for the inspection of most metals, plastics, and ceramics for surface and subsurface defects?
~ Ultrasonic inspection uses high-frequency sound waves to detect faults in a material. It can be used on a wide variety of materials such as ferrous and nonferrous metals, plastics and ceramics. It can detect subsurface as well as surface defects.
@ Ultrasonic inspection uses high-frequency sound waves to detect faults in a material. It can be used on a wide variety of materials such as ferrous and nonferrous metals, plastics and ceramics. It can detect subsurface as well as surface defects.
a. Eddy current inspection.
b. Magnetic particle inspection.
*c. Ultrasonic inspection.

4. (8221.1) Which of the following defects are not acceptable for metal lines?
1. Cracked flare
2. Seams
3. Dents in the heel of a bend less than 20% of the diameter
4. Scratches/nicks on the inside of a bend less than 10% of wall thickness
5. Dents in straight section that are 20% of tube diameter
~ 1. A cracked flare is cause for rejection of a metal fluid line. 2. Metal fluid lines must be made of seamless tubing. 3. A dent in the heel of a bend of more than 10% of the tube diameter is not acceptable. 4. Scratches/nicks less than 10% of the wall thickness of the tube are repairable if they are not in the heel of the bend. 5. A dent of more than 20% of the tube diameter is not acceptable
@ 1. A cracked flare is cause for rejection of a metal fluid line. 2. Metal fluid lines must be made of seamless tubing. 3. A dent in the heel of a bend of more than 10% of the tube diameter is not acceptable. 4. Scratches/nicks less than 10% of the wall thickness of the tube are repairable if they are not in the heel of the bend. 5. A dent of more than 20% of the tube diameter is not acceptable
a. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
b. 1, 2, and 3.
*c. 1, 2, 3, and 5.

5. (8222) What nondestructive testing method requires little or no part preparation, is used to detect surface or near-surface defects in most metals, and may also be used to separate metals or alloys and their heat-treat conditions?
~ Eddy current inspection requires relatively little preparation of the part being inspected. It induces a magnetic field into the part which causes eddy currents to flow. Variations in the magnitude of the eddy currents affect this magnetic field, and when it is analyzed electronically, it gives information regarding such structural characteristics as flaws, discontinuities, thickness, and alloy or heat-treat condition of the material. Eddy current inspection is used to locate defects both on the surface and below the surface.
@ Eddy current inspection requires relatively little preparation of the part being inspected. It induces a magnetic field into the part which causes eddy currents to flow. Variations in the magnitude of the eddy currents affect this magnetic field, and when it is analyzed electronically, it gives information regarding such structural characteristics as flaws, discontinuities, thickness, and alloy or heat-treat condition of the material. Eddy current inspection is used to locate defects both on the surface and below the surface.
*a. Eddy current inspection.
b. Ultrasonic inspection.
c. Magnetic particle inspection.

6. (8223) What method of magnetic particle inspection is used most often to inspect aircraft parts for invisible cracks and other defects?
~ The continuous method of magnetic particle inspection is used for most aircraft parts because it provides the strongest magnetic field to attract the oxide from the fluid. In the continuous method of magnetic particle inspection, the part is either placed between the heads of the magnetizing machine or held inside the solenoid (coil). Magnetizing current flows while the fluid is pumped over the part. In the residual method of magnetic particle inspection, used for some smaller parts, the parts are magnetized and the magnetizing current is shut off. Only residual magnetism is left in the part to attract the oxide.
@ The continuous method of magnetic particle inspection is used for most aircraft parts because it provides the strongest magnetic field to attract the oxide from the fluid. In the continuous method of magnetic particle inspection, the part is either placed between the heads of the magnetizing machine or held inside the solenoid (coil). Magnetizing current flows while the fluid is pumped over the part. In the residual method of magnetic particle inspection, used for some smaller parts, the parts are magnetized and the magnetizing current is shut off. Only residual magnetism is left in the part to attract the oxide.
a. Residual.
b. Inductance.
*c. Continuous.

7. (8224) How many of these factors are considered essential knowledge for x-ray exposure?
1. Processing of the film.
2. Material thickness and density.
3. Exposure distance and angle.
4. Film characteristics.
~ The factors of radiographic exposure are so interdependent that it is necessary to consider all factors for any particular radiographic exposure. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Material thickness and density 2. Shape and size of the object 3. Type of defect to be detected 4. Characteristics of X-ray machine used 5. The exposure distance 6. The exposure angle 7. Film characteristics 8.Type of intensifying screen, if used
@ The factors of radiographic exposure are so interdependent that it is necessary to consider all factors for any particular radiographic exposure. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Material thickness and density 2. Shape and size of the object 3. Type of defect to be detected 4. Characteristics of X-ray machine used 5. The exposure distance 6. The exposure angle 7. Film characteristics 8.Type of intensifying screen, if used
a. One.
*b. Three.
c. Four.

8. (8225) The testing medium that is generally used in magnetic particle inspection utilizes a ferromagnetic material that has
~ The testing medium used to indicate the presence of a fault in magnetic particle inspection is a finely ground iron oxide that has a high permeability and low retentivity, and is nontoxic. It is usually suspended in a light oil such as kerosine.
@ The testing medium used to indicate the presence of a fault in magnetic particle inspection is a finely ground iron oxide that has a high permeability and low retentivity, and is nontoxic. It is usually suspended in a light oil such as kerosine.
*a. high permeability and low retentivity.
b. low permeability and high retentivity.
c. high permeability and high retentivity.

9. (8226) Which statement relating to the residual magnetizing inspection method is true?
~ In the residual method of magnetic particle inspection, the part is magnetized and removed from the magnetic field before the oxide-carrying fluid is pumped over it. Steel that has a high retentivity (retains its magnetism after the magnetizing force has been removed) can be inspected by the residual method. Steel that has been heat-treated for stressed applications has a high retentivity and it can be inspected by the residual method.
@ In the residual method of magnetic particle inspection, the part is magnetized and removed from the magnetic field before the oxide-carrying fluid is pumped over it. Steel that has a high retentivity (retains its magnetism after the magnetizing force has been removed) can be inspected by the residual method. Steel that has been heat-treated for stressed applications has a high retentivity and it can be inspected by the residual method.
a. Subsurface discontinuities are made readily apparent.
b. It is used in practically all circular and longitudinal magnetizing procedures.
*c. It may be used with steels which have been heat treated for stressed applications.

10. (8227) A mechanic has completed a bonded honeycomb repair using the potted compound repair technique. What nondestructive testing method is used to determine the soundness of the repair after the repair has cured?
~ After a bonded honeycomb repair has been made using the potted-compound repair technique, the soundness of the repair can be tested by using the metallic ring test. The repaired surface is tested by tapping it with the edge of a coin. If the repair is sound, the tapping will produce a metallic ringing sound. If there is any void in the material, the tapping will produce a dull, thudding sound.
@ After a bonded honeycomb repair has been made using the potted-compound repair technique, the soundness of the repair can be tested by using the metallic ring test. The repaired surface is tested by tapping it with the edge of a coin. If the repair is sound, the tapping will produce a metallic ringing sound. If there is any void in the material, the tapping will produce a dull, thudding sound.
a. Eddy current test.
*b. Metallic ring test.
c. Ultrasonic test.

11. (8228) What two types of indicating mediums are available for magnetic particle inspection?
~ The magnetic medium used for magnetic particle inspection can be applied either as a dry oxide powder dusted over the surface or (as is more commonly done) suspended in a light oil such as kerosine and pumped over the surface. The iron oxide used as the indicating medium is often treated with a fluorescent dye that causes it to glow with a green light when an ultraviolet light (black light) is shone on it.
@ The magnetic medium used for magnetic particle inspection can be applied either as a dry oxide powder dusted over the surface or (as is more commonly done) suspended in a light oil such as kerosine and pumped over the surface. The iron oxide used as the indicating medium is often treated with a fluorescent dye that causes it to glow with a green light when an ultraviolet light (black light) is shone on it.
a. Iron and ferric oxides.
*b. Wet and dry process materials.
c. High retentivity and low permeability material.

12. (8229) Which of the following materials may be inspected using the magnetic particle inspection method?
1. Magnesium alloys.
2. Aluminum alloys.
3. Iron alloys.
4. Copper alloys.
5. Zinc alloys.
~ In order for a part to be inspected by the magnetic particle method, it must be magnetizable. The only magnetizable metals listed in the alternatives are iron alloys.
@ In order for a part to be inspected by the magnetic particle method, it must be magnetizable. The only magnetizable metals listed in the alternatives are iron alloys.
a. 1, 2, 3.
b. 1, 2, 4, 5.
*c. 3

13. (8230) One way a part may be demagnetized after magnetic particle inspection is by
~ A steel part is magnetized by holding it in a strong, steady magnetic field that aligns all of the magnetic domains in the material. It is demagnetized by placing it in an AC magnetic field that continually reverses its polarity. This causes the domains to continually reverse their direction. As the domains are reversing, the part is slowly moved from the field so the domains remain in a disoriented state when the demagnetizing force is removed.
@ A steel part is magnetized by holding it in a strong, steady magnetic field that aligns all of the magnetic domains in the material. It is demagnetized by placing it in an AC magnetic field that continually reverses its polarity. This causes the domains to continually reverse their direction. As the domains are reversing, the part is slowly moved from the field so the domains remain in a disoriented state when the demagnetizing force is removed.
a. subjecting the part to high voltage, low amperage ac.
*b. slowly moving the part out of an ac magnetic field of sufficient strength.
c. slowly moving the part into an ac magnetic field of sufficient strength.

14. (8231) Which type crack can be detected by magnetic particle inspection using either circular or longitudinal magnetization?
~ Longitudinal magnetization produces a magnetic field that extends lengthwise in the material. It is used to detect faults that extend across the part, perpendicular to the lines of magnetic flux. Circular magnetization produces a magnetic field that extends across the material. It can detect faults that are oriented along the length of the part. Either type of magnetization can detect a fault that runs at 45° to the length of the part.
@ Longitudinal magnetization produces a magnetic field that extends lengthwise in the material. It is used to detect faults that extend across the part, perpendicular to the lines of magnetic flux. Circular magnetization produces a magnetic field that extends across the material. It can detect faults that are oriented along the length of the part. Either type of magnetization can detect a fault that runs at 45° to the length of the part.
*a. 45°.
b. Longitudinal.
c. Transverse.

15. (8232) Which of the following methods may be suitable to use to detect cracks open to the surface in aluminum forgings and castings?
1. Dye penetrant inspection.
2. Magnetic particle inspection.
3. Metallic ring (coin tap) inspection.
4. Eddy current inspection.
5. Ultrasonic inspection.
6. Visual inspection.
~ Dye penetrant, eddy current, ultrasonic, and visual inspections may be used on aluminum forgings and castings. Magnetic particle inspection can only be used on ferrous metals, and the metallic ring inspection is used to check for delaminations in bonded composite structural materials.
@ Dye penetrant, eddy current, ultrasonic, and visual inspections may be used on aluminum forgings and castings. Magnetic particle inspection can only be used on ferrous metals, and the metallic ring inspection is used to check for delaminations in bonded composite structural materials.
*a. 1, 4, 5, 6.
b. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6.
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

16. (8233) To detect a minute crack using dye penetrant inspection usually requires
~ The amount of penetrant that can enter a small crack is determined by both the length of time the penetrant is allowed to remain on the surface and the temperature of the part. When looking for very small cracks, the part can be heated (but not enough to cause the penetrant to evaporate from the surface), and the penetrant can be allowed to stay on the surface for a longer than normal time before it is washed off.
@ The amount of penetrant that can enter a small crack is determined by both the length of time the penetrant is allowed to remain on the surface and the temperature of the part. When looking for very small cracks, the part can be heated (but not enough to cause the penetrant to evaporate from the surface), and the penetrant can be allowed to stay on the surface for a longer than normal time before it is washed off.
a. that the developer be applied to a flat surface.
*b. a longer-than-normal penetrating time.
c. the surface to be highly polished.

17. (8233.1) Which of the following is a main determinant of the dwell time to use when conducting a dye or fluorescent penetrant inspection?
~ The dwell time (the time the penetrant is allowed to remain on the surface) is determined by the size and shape of the discontinuity being looked for.
@ The dwell time (the time the penetrant is allowed to remain on the surface) is determined by the size and shape of the discontinuity being looked for.
*a. The size and shape of the discontinuities being looked for.
b. The size and shape of the part being inspected.
c. The type and/or density of the part material.

18. (8234) When checking an item with the magnetic particle inspection method, circular and longitudinal magnetization should be used to
~ Since longitudinal magnetization detects faults that lie across a part, and circular magnetization detects faults that lie parallel to its length, a complete inspection that will show up all possible defects requires that the part be magnetized twice, longitudinally and circularly, and given two separate inspections.
@ Since longitudinal magnetization detects faults that lie across a part, and circular magnetization detects faults that lie parallel to its length, a complete inspection that will show up all possible defects requires that the part be magnetized twice, longitudinally and circularly, and given two separate inspections.
*a. reveal all possible defects.
b. evenly magnetize the entire part.
c. ensure uniform current flow.

19. (8235) In magnetic particle inspection, a flaw that is perpendicular to the magnetic field flux lines generally causes
~ In order to locate a defect in a part by the magnetic particle inspection method, it is essential that the magnetic lines of force pass approximately perpendicular to the defect. This causes the maximum disruption of the magnetic field and forms magnetic poles which attract the indicating medium across the defect.
@ In order to locate a defect in a part by the magnetic particle inspection method, it is essential that the magnetic lines of force pass approximately perpendicular to the defect. This causes the maximum disruption of the magnetic field and forms magnetic poles which attract the indicating medium across the defect.
*a. a large disruption in the magnetic field.
b. a minimal disruption in the magnetic field.
c. no disruption in the magnetic field.

20. (8236) If dye penetrant inspection indications are not sharp and clear, the most probable cause is that the part
~ After the penetrant has been on the surface of a part for the correct dwell time, the surface must be thoroughly washed to remove all traces of the penetrant. When the surface is clean and dry, the developer is sprayed or dusted on. Any penetrant left on the surface or in the pores of the material will stain the developer and faults will not show up as sharp and clear marks.
@ After the penetrant has been on the surface of a part for the correct dwell time, the surface must be thoroughly washed to remove all traces of the penetrant. When the surface is clean and dry, the developer is sprayed or dusted on. Any penetrant left on the surface or in the pores of the material will stain the developer and faults will not show up as sharp and clear marks.
a. was not correctly degaussed before the developer was applied.
b. has no appreciable damage.
*c. was not thoroughly washed before the developer was applied.

21. (8237) (1) An aircraft part may be demagnetized by subjecting it to a magnetizing force from alternating current that is gradually reduced in strength.
(2) An aircraft part may be demagnetized by subjecting it to a magnetizing force from direct current that is alternately reversed in direction and gradually reduced in strength.
Regarding the above statements,
~ Statement (1) is true. A part is demagnetized by placing it in an AC magnetic field whose strength is gradually reduced while it continually reverses its polarity. This leaves the domains in a disoriented state when the demagnetizing force is removed. Statement (2) is also true. A DC magnetic field whose direction is continually reversed and the strength is gradually reduced may be used to demagnetize an aircraft part that has been inspected by the magnetic particle inspection method.
@ Statement (1) is true. A part is demagnetized by placing it in an AC magnetic field whose strength is gradually reduced while it continually reverses its polarity. This leaves the domains in a disoriented state when the demagnetizing force is removed. Statement (2) is also true. A DC magnetic field whose direction is continually reversed and the strength is gradually reduced may be used to demagnetize an aircraft part that has been inspected by the magnetic particle inspection method.
*a. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true.
b. only No. 1 is true.
c. only No. 2 is true.

22. (8238) The pattern for an inclusion is a magnetic particle buildup forming
~ Inclusions are impurities trapped inside a piece of metal when it was cast. When the part is inspected by magnetic particle inspection, the inclusion does not show up as a clearly defined fault but the indication is fuzzy. Rather than sharply defined poles, there are several sets of poles that cause the oxide to form in a series of parallel lines.
@ Inclusions are impurities trapped inside a piece of metal when it was cast. When the part is inspected by magnetic particle inspection, the inclusion does not show up as a clearly defined fault but the indication is fuzzy. Rather than sharply defined poles, there are several sets of poles that cause the oxide to form in a series of parallel lines.
a. a fernlike pattern.
b. a single line.
*c. parallel lines.

23. (8239) A part which is being prepared for dye penetrant inspection should be cleaned with
~ It is important when performing a dye penetrant inspection that the surface of the part be as clean as possible. Volatile petroleum-based solvents such as Stoddard solvent and naphtha are widely used for cleaning parts to be inspected.
@ It is important when performing a dye penetrant inspection that the surface of the part be as clean as possible. Volatile petroleum-based solvents such as Stoddard solvent and naphtha are widely used for cleaning parts to be inspected.
*a. a volatile petroleum-base solvent.
b. the penetrant developer.
c. water-base solvents only.

24. (8240) Under magnetic particle inspection, a part will be identified as having a fatigue crack under which condition?
~ Fatigue cracks usually show up in areas that have been subjected to high concentrations of stresses. They are likely to form where the cross-sectional area of the part changes sharply.
@ Fatigue cracks usually show up in areas that have been subjected to high concentrations of stresses. They are likely to form where the cross-sectional area of the part changes sharply.
a. The discontinuity pattern is straight.
b. The discontinuity is found in a nonstressed area of the part.
*c. The discontinuity is found in a highly stressed area of the part.

25. (8241) In performing a dye penetrant inspection, the developer
~ To perform a dye penetrant inspection, the part to be inspected is thoroughly cleaned and soaked in a liquid penetrant which seeps into any cracks or defects that extend to the surface. After the part is soaked for the required dwell time, the penetrant is washed from the surface, and the surface is covered with a developer which, acting as a blotter, pulls the penetrant from the fault. The penetrant pulled out by the developer shows up as a visible indication.
@ To perform a dye penetrant inspection, the part to be inspected is thoroughly cleaned and soaked in a liquid penetrant which seeps into any cracks or defects that extend to the surface. After the part is soaked for the required dwell time, the penetrant is washed from the surface, and the surface is covered with a developer which, acting as a blotter, pulls the penetrant from the fault. The penetrant pulled out by the developer shows up as a visible indication.
a. seeps into a surface crack to indicate the presence of a defect.
*b. acts as a blotter to produce a visible indication.
c. thoroughly cleans the surface prior to inspection.

26. (8242) What defects will be detected by magnetizing a part using continuous longitudinal magnetization with a cable?
~ A part magnetized longitudinally by current flowing through a cable wrapped around it will show up defects that are perpendicular (at right angles) to the long axis of the part.
@ A part magnetized longitudinally by current flowing through a cable wrapped around it will show up defects that are perpendicular (at right angles) to the long axis of the part.
*a. Defects perpendicular to the long axis of the part.
b. Defects parallel to the long axis of the part.
c. Defects parallel to the concentric circles of magnetic force within the part.

27. (8243) Circular magnetization of a part can be used to detect which defects?
~ A part magnetized circularly by the magnetizing current flowing lengthwise through it, will show up defects parallel to the long axis of the part.
@ A part magnetized circularly by the magnetizing current flowing lengthwise through it, will show up defects parallel to the long axis of the part.
*a. Defects parallel to the long axis of the part.
b. Defects perpendicular to the long axis of the part.
c. Defects perpendicular to the concentric circles of magnetic force within the part.

28. (8244) (1) In nondestructive testing, a discontinuity may be defined as an interruption in the normal physical structure or configuration of a part.
(2) A discontinuity may or may not affect the usefulness of a part.
Regarding the above statements,
~ Statement (1) is true. In nondestructive testing, a discontinuity may be defined as an interruption in the normal physical structure or configuration of a part. Statement (2) is also true. A discontinuity may or may not affect the usefulness of a part.
@ Statement (1) is true. In nondestructive testing, a discontinuity may be defined as an interruption in the normal physical structure or configuration of a part. Statement (2) is also true. A discontinuity may or may not affect the usefulness of a part.
a. only No. 1 is true.
b. only No. 2 is true.
*c. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true.

29. (8278) (Refer to Figure 44.) Identify the weld caused by an excessive amount of acetylene.
~ The weld in view 1 was made too rapidly. The long and pointed appearance of the ripples was caused by an excessive amount of heat or by an oxidizing flame. If this weld were cross-sectioned, it would probably show gas pockets, porosity, and slag inclusions. The weld in view 2 has improper penetration and cold laps caused by insufficient heat. It appears rough and irregular and its edges are not feathered into the base metal. The weld in view 3 has been made with a flame that had an excess of acetylene. There are bumps along the center of the bead and craters at the edge of the weld. Cross checks are apparent where the body of the weld is sound. If this weld were cross-sectioned, it would show pockets and porosity. The weld in view 4 has considerable variations in depth of penetration. It often has the appearance of a cold weld.
@ The weld in view 1 was made too rapidly. The long and pointed appearance of the ripples was caused by an excessive amount of heat or by an oxidizing flame. If this weld were cross-sectioned, it would probably show gas pockets, porosity, and slag inclusions. The weld in view 2 has improper penetration and cold laps caused by insufficient heat. It appears rough and irregular and its edges are not feathered into the base metal. The weld in view 3 has been made with a flame that had an excess of acetylene. There are bumps along the center of the bead and craters at the edge of the weld. Cross checks are apparent where the body of the weld is sound. If this weld were cross-sectioned, it would show pockets and porosity. The weld in view 4 has considerable variations in depth of penetration. It often has the appearance of a cold weld.
a. 4
b. 1
*c. 3

30. (8279) (Refer to Figure 44.) Select the illustration which depicts a cold weld.
~ The weld in view 2 is a cold weld. It has improper penetration and cold laps caused by insufficient heat. It appears rough and irregular and its edges are not feathered into the base metal.
@ The weld in view 2 is a cold weld. It has improper penetration and cold laps caused by insufficient heat. It appears rough and irregular and its edges are not feathered into the base metal.
a. 3
*b. 2
c. 4

31. (8281) Holes and a few projecting globules are found in a weld. What action should be taken?
~ Blow holes and projecting globules are indications of a poor weld. All of the old weld bead should be removed and the material rewelded.
@ Blow holes and projecting globules are indications of a poor weld. All of the old weld bead should be removed and the material rewelded.
a. Reweld the defective portions.
*b. Remove all the old weld, and reweld the joint.
c. Grind the rough surface smooth, inspect, and reweld all gaps/holes.

32. (8282) Which condition indicates a part has cooled too quickly after being welded?
~ Heat causes metal to expand. Cooling causes it to contract. If a metal is cooled too quickly after it is welded, it will contract unevenly and stresses will remain in the metal. These stresses produce cracks adjacent to the weld.
@ Heat causes metal to expand. Cooling causes it to contract. If a metal is cooled too quickly after it is welded, it will contract unevenly and stresses will remain in the metal. These stresses produce cracks adjacent to the weld.
*a. Cracking adjacent to the weld.
b. Discoloration of the base metal.
c. Gas pockets, porosity, and slag inclusions.

33. (8283) Select a characteristic of a good gas weld.
~ The bead of a gas weld that has good penetration and good fusion is uniform and straight. It has a slightly crowned surface that tapers off smoothly into the base metal.
@ The bead of a gas weld that has good penetration and good fusion is uniform and straight. It has a slightly crowned surface that tapers off smoothly into the base metal.
a. The depth of penetration shall be sufficient to ensure fusion of the filler rod.
b. The height of the weld bead should be 1/8 inch above the base metal.
*c. The weld should taper off smoothly into the base metal.

34. (8284) One characteristic of a good weld is that no oxide should be formed on the base metal at a distance from the weld of more than
~ When making a good weld, the heat should be concentrated in the area being welded. The oxides that form on the base metal give an indication of the amount of heat put into the metal. Oxides formed for a distance of much more than 1/2 inch from the weld show that too much heat was put into the metal. The metal may have been weakened.
@ When making a good weld, the heat should be concentrated in the area being welded. The oxides that form on the base metal give an indication of the amount of heat put into the metal. Oxides formed for a distance of much more than 1/2 inch from the weld show that too much heat was put into the metal. The metal may have been weakened.
*a. 1/2 inch.
b. 1 inch.
c. 1/4 inch.

35. (8288) On a fillet weld, the penetration requirement includes what percentage(s) of the base metal thickness?
~ A properly made fillet weld has a penetration of 25 to 50 percent of the thickness of the base metal.
@ A properly made fillet weld has a penetration of 25 to 50 percent of the thickness of the base metal.
a. 100 percent.
*b. 25 to 50 percent.
c. 60 to 80 percent.